The article presents a systemic international legal analysis of dental care regulation in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Through comparative legal research, conflicts between domestic legislation and Kazakhstan's international health obligations are identified. The study examines the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, General Comment No. 14 of the UN Committee on ESCR, the WHO Global Oral Health Action Plan 2023–2030, FDI Vision 2030, the Lisbon Declaration on the Rights of the Patient, and the Oviedo Convention. The retrogresssive character of certain provisions of Order No. 31 of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan (2023) regarding rural areas is substantiated. A set of measures for harmonizing Kazakhstani legislation with international dental health standards is proposed.